Critical Thinking and Old Man Free Essays

Bearings: In complete sentences, answer the accompanying inquiries. Be careful in your reactions. These are basic reasoning inquiries, which implies you should go past what is written in the story†¦you need to INFER. We will compose a custom article test on Basic Thinking and Old Man or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Your evaluation will rely upon your keen and smart answers. Answers ought to be in any event 2-3 complete sentences long. Preamble and pages 3-10 (stop at the reference bullet) 1. For what reason does Coelho open with the adjusted fantasy of Narcissus? How does the new form contrast from the first one? How can it change the myth’s meaning? What may the creator be proposal about how we see ourselves and the world? 2. The epic opens with Santiago pondering his sheep. What does he see about their reality? In what manner may the sheep represent the manner in which a few people live their lives? How does his perception that they â€Å"have neglected to depend all alone instincts† foretell what may be coming in the novel? 3. How much is Santiago’s father’s perception about explorers (page 9) valid about Santiago? Pages 10 (start after the indicator)- 25 (stop at the reference mark) 1. For what reason does the old seer state that Santiago’s dream is hard to decipher? For what reason is Santiago dubious of her? 2. The elderly person discloses to Santiago a tale about an excavator and an emerald. How can it associate with Santiago’s circumstance? What does the elderly person mean when he says that â€Å"treasure is revealed by the power of streaming water, and it is covered by similar ebbs an d flows? † What does this statement have to do with the tale of the excavator and the emerald? 1) By advising the new form he needs to tell his own understanding of narcissus. The first form is tied in with finding internal magnificence however Coelho’s adaptation is tied in with discovering significance of life and the life’s reason. The thing that matters is on the grounds that it forgets about how the lake thought about to a lot of its excellence and less about there individuals. The enhanced one reflects upon the positive results as the first has a negative term. The proposal is made through the book where Santiago needed to perceive what the world resembled and he surrendered a his folks measure and followed his own fantasies regardless. The most effective method to refer to Critical Thinking and Old Man, Papers

 Discuss this theme with reference to at least three scenes in the play Essay Example For Students

 Discuss this topic regarding at any rate three scenes in the play Essay Romeo and Juliet is regularly generalized as a sentimental romantic tale about a couple of star-crossed darlings, be that as it may, past this delicate outside uncovers a harsh story of brutality, strife, and abhor. The Montagues and Capulets two rancorous family units both the same in respect are the root and reason for incalculable angry contentions and horrible homicides. This malevolent clash present in the two families, at last prompts the lethal and terrible suicides of the two youthful sweethearts. All through the length of this exposition, the cliché picture that Romeo and Juliet depicts will be investigated, leaving murder, savagery, and strife to have a significant influence in the exemplary romantic tale Romeo and Juliet. The well known dramatist, William Shakespeare composed Romeo and Juliet in 1564. It was first acted in the excessive London Globe theater to a ruthless sixteenth Century crowd. Sovereign Elizabeth I , who ruled at this exciting period, got a kick out of private viewings of his most acclaimed plays, as she had an adoration for his exhilarant type of amusement. In a regular sixteenth century society barring present day details, individuals longed for diversion. With numerous gifted scholars contending to fulfill the crowds craving for blood, it was critical that Shakespeare made his plays as invigorating and exciting as could be expected under the circumstances. Romeo and Juliet was well known with the crowd as it depicted pictures of sentiment, abhor, struggle, murder, and double-crossing, leaving them paralyzed and heaving for additional. Act 1 scene 1 is the initial scene to the play which initially presents the despise and dislike present inside the families. In this emotional scene, numerous characters mentalities and characters are depicted. A harsh discussion between four workers from the Montague and Capulet family units shrewdly opens the play. All through this strained exchange, we know that a battle will begin as the characters insult each other with lines, for example, I will nibble my thumb at them, which is disrespect to them on the off chance that they uncovered it. (Lines 40 41.) This signal is a conscious, offending incitement toward the Montague workers. At the point when Romeos cousin Benvolio Montague shows up on the scene, be that as it may, he depicts a job of peacemaker trying to placate the circumstance. What, drawn and discuss harmony? I detest the word, as I abhor heck, all Montagues, and thee. Have at thee defeatist! (Lines 68 70) This statement extricated from Tybalt Capulets discourse uncovers the solid contemptuous connection between the two families. In this, he guilefully insults the hirelings inciting a malevolent battle. After the head of the two families endeavor to join the horrible brawl, the incredible character, ruler of Verona shows up at the grisly scene. Bringing about a serious notice to the two families; Three common fights of a breezy word (line 88) If at any time you upset our lanes once more, your lives will pay the relinquish of the harmony (line 96) Undermining the family units with execution. The finish of the Princes notice has a significant impact in this brutal scene, as it sets a strained air for the remainder of the play. The second brutal scene to start is Act 3 scene 1. This scene contains resentful contentions and awful killings from both nearby families. Relating rage depicts a terrible picture for this pernicious, vindictive scene. Benvolio and Mercutio Montague open the scene. All through their discourse it is made clear that the capulets are trying too hard to find something, this worries peacemaker Benvolio as he recommends Lets resign. The day is hot, the capels are abroad. (Line 2) Hence uncovering he wouldn't like to battle. Mercutio, then again, is in a forceful, obstinate disposition, with the lines, .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf , .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf .postImageUrl , .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf , .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf:hover , .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf:visited , .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf:active { border:0!important; } .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf:active , .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf:hover { haziness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enrichment: underline; } .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content beautification: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u2f61f9f82ce539f2e273fcc35129dbcf:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Drama Coursework-Performance Review Essay By my heel, I care not. (Line 38) This proposes the Capulets don't terrify or compromise him as, utilizing this un couth affront shows scorn towards them. Harshness, despise and strain is reflected in this scene when Tybalt and pertruchio Capulet disturb the quiet environment. This is available in Tybalt and Mercutios lines; Noble men, great cave; a word with one of you. (Tybalt line 40) Furthermore, however single word with one of us? Couple it with something, make it a word and a blow. (Mercutio lines 41 42) This fiercely expanding pressure at last prompts a horrendous battle between both Mercutio, and Tybalt. The vindictive fight, being the consequence of Tybalts provoking motion, that Mercutio, thou consortest with Romeo. (Line 46) Offending Mercutios manliness. At the point when Romeo shows up on the serious, hostile scene, Tybalt continually affronts him in a frantic endeavor to incite a battle. Romeo, anyway reacts serenely and covertly signals to his adoration for Juliet. Mercutio, exasperated at Romeos clear weakness challenges Tybalt: Tybalt, you rodent catcher, will you walk? (Line 76) (The term rodent catcher is utilized in alluding to his name which in the account of Reynard the fox was that of a malicious feline.) After a wicked, rough battle, Mercutio is lethally injured. On his deathbed, he reviles the two family units with A plague on both your homes! (Line 94) This statement is exceptionally passionate for Romeo as Mercutio is probably the dearest companion. Mercutio censures him for his deadly physical issue on account of his issue with Juliet, scape-goating the two families issues onto the affection struck Romeo. He at that point sadly bites the dust. In the wake of acknowledging Juliets excellence and love has made him womanly, Romeo, enraged with outrage, sharply embarks to mercilessly deliver retribution on the malice Tybalt. Tybalt is violently killed. At the point when dazed Citizens of Verona start to assemble around the killed, inert body, Benvolio recommends Romeo away, be gone. Stand not stunned, the ruler will fate the passing, if thou workmanship taken (lines 138 139) With this Romeo escapes from the slaughtering. The sovereign is then re-presented and questions Benvolio on the fierce killings. He at that point articulates judgment: For that offense quickly we do oust him henceforth. (Line 190) For Romeo this sentence is more terrible than execution, he won't have the option to visit his recently marry love, Juliet. This scene is imperative to the over all setting of the play as it consolidates all the deadly components; horrible homicides, strife, detest, vengeance, treachery and love. The ramifications for Romeo in this scene are intense and add to the horrendous suicides toward the finish of the play. The last scene, Act 5 scene 3, finishes up the principle subjects recommended all through the length of the play. It starts with Paris lamenting over Juliets demise. Romeo, who has not had expression of the arrangement to escape Verona with his ideal life partner, gradually opens the tomb to uncover the dead group of Juliet. With that, Paris emerges and perseveringly compromises Romeo. He cautions Paris not to entice his annoyance, Entice not an edgy man. (Line 58) All things considered, it finishes in a savage conflict, unfortunately bringing about the demise of Paris. Romeo is very passionate and struck by the convincing excellence of Juliet. Swearing that he will remain with her eternity, he swallows the toxin prompting his mis lucky passing. For the crowd this is very tragic and disappointing as we are associated with the arrangement. Juliet then stirs to discover the carcasses of Paris and her adored spouse Romeo. O boor, tipsy all, and left no inviting drop to help me after? I will kiss thy lips; haply some toxic substance yet doth hold tight them, to make me kick the bucket with a remedial. (Lines 163-165) .ub4e6699fe4134348b021813eef06be88 , .ub4e6699fe4134348b021813eef06be88 .postImageUrl , .ub4e6699fe4134348b021813eef06be88 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ub4e6699fe4134348b021813e

Eating Disorders Commonly Found in Teens

Eating Disorders Commonly Found in Teens Eating Disorders Print Eating Disorders Commonly Found in Teens By Amy Morin, LCSW facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our editorial policy Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on February 13, 2018 Fuse / Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Symptoms Treatment Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention There’s more pressure than ever on teens to be thin. Social media, magazines, and commercials send the message that being extremely thin is the ideal body type.? Many teens experience serious body image issues, which places them at risk of taking drastic measures to slim down. From crash diets to excessive exercise, the pressure to be thin can take a serious toll on a teen’s well-being. Research suggests about 1 or 2% of all teens develop an eating disorder at one time or another. Eating disorders often begin in children in as young as 12. Here are the types of eating disorders commonly found in teenagers: Anorexia Nervosa Despite being dangerously thin, teens with anorexia nervosa think they’re overweight. They become obsessed with restricting their food intake. They weigh themselves repeatedly throughout the day and only eat very small quantities of food. Some teens with anorexia nervosa exercise compulsively as well. They may spend hours working out in an effort to prevent weight gain. Teens with anorexia nervosa experience serious health problems, such as thinning bones, low blood pressure, and damage to the heart and brain. In severe cases, the consequences can be lethal. Bulimia Nervosa Teens with bulimia nervosa engage in binge eating behavior. A teen may consume several days’ worth of food in one sitting. In an attempt to compensate for eating too much, they engage in destructive behavior such as forced vomiting or excessive laxative use. Teens with bulimia are likely to maintain an average or slightly above average weight. Similar to teens with anorexia, they’re likely to have a lot of concerns over their size. They may experience a lot of shame about their binging and purging and are likely to keep their behavior very secretive. The binge-purge cycle may occur several times a day or several times a week, depending on the severity. Symptoms of bulimia may include severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, decaying teeth, and gastrointestinal problems. Binge Eating Disorder Similar to bulimia, teens with binge eating disorder eat excessive amounts of food at one time, but they don’t purge or fast afterward. Most teens with binge eating disorders are overweight.   Teens who binge eat are at a higher risk of developing high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. Many of them experience a lot of guilt and shame about their eating habits. They tend to keep their binge eating habits as secretive as possible. You may find large quantities of food missing or you may discover food hidden in your teens room. Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified If a teen’s eating habits or food-related behavior causes significant distress or impairment, yet doesn’t meet the criteria for another eating disorder, it may still be an eating disorder. Extreme food restrictions, excessive nighttime eating, and purging without bingeing are just a few examples of other eating disorders. How to Get Help for a Teen With an Eating Disorder Eating disorders are the most fatal of all mental health conditions. If you suspect your teen may have an eating disorder, seek immediate treatment. Talk to your teen’s physician about your concerns and discuss your treatment options. Treatment for an eating disorder may consist of individual therapy, family therapy, or even residential treatment. Treatment should be guided by a physician and mental health professional who address the psychological and physical health of a teen throughout the treatment process.

`` Perfect Peace `` Gender, Sexuality, And Love - 947 Words

Perfect Peace is an incredibly crafted novel which describes the transformation of the novel’s protagonist from femininity to masculinity. As the child learns to surrender his identity as Perfect and assume his persona as Paul, the Peace family and the entire Swamp Creek community struggle with complicated questions about gender, sexuality, and love. While reading the novel, It may seem that there is an opposition that the community conveys towards Paul is due to his assumed sexuality but If read closely this opposition is due to not sexuality is but it is due to the established gender roles within the Swamp Creek community. Black establishes the importance of gender roles within the book’s opening pages as Gus awaits the annual spring rains that will allow him to purge through tears once a year without fear of criticism. As a child, Gus’ father physically disciplined him for crying in order exemplify how a man was supposed to act. As an adult, Gus forward these teachings to his children just as everyone within the community did to usher a normality to these lessons. This importance was define once again when Gus’ eldest hid the yearly purge from his brothers originally because he could not understand as the novel explains it, â€Å"men could be as emotional as women, and that one of those men was his own father,â€Å" (Black 38). Throughout the novel, notions of gender roles are persistently instructed into the younger characters’ cultural system repeatedly. This issue first arisesShow MoreRelatedLoneliness By Stephen Gordon And Angela Crossby878 Words   |  4 Pagesher hands were completely empty. She who would gladly have given her life, must go empty – handed to love, like a beggar. She could only debase what she longed to exalt, defile what she longed to keep pure and untarnished† (Hall 2978). 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Nanny arranges Janie’s marriage to Logan Killicks, a responsible and financially stable man, after she catches Janie kissing the handsome Johnny Taylor. AlthoughRead MoreThe Automaton/Statue/Machine Women2186 Words   |  9 Pagesand dystopian societies and most times, man as the leader, which generates criticism regarding that these societies are patriarchally dominated. The stories that entail man creating automaton/statue/machine women, has it main focus man vision of a perfect woman, however, at the end, most of them grows to become something threatening and the creator only result is to destroy it. Once more, one could assume that this also has a direct influence which has b een absorbed by ancient understanding of creationRead MoreFemale Body Image and the Mass Media Essay1577 Words   |  7 Pagesderive from family, media, and friends. 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One of her most extreme examples of cultural expectation and deviation in this

Erai in Translation

The Japanese word  erai,  pronounced eh-rai, is a commonly-used adjective translated to mean great, high-ranking, or extraordinary. Japanese Characters Ã¥ â€°Ã£ â€ž (㠁ˆã‚‰ã â€ž) Example Hiroshi-kun wa itsumo okaasan no tetsudai o shite erai ne.㠁 ²Ã£â€š Ã£ â€"Ã¥ â€ºÃ£  ¯Ã£ â€žÃ£  ¤Ã£â€šâ€šÃ£ Å Ã¦ ¯ Ã£ â€¢Ã£â€šâ€œÃ£  ®Ã¦â€°â€¹Ã¤ ¼ Ã£ â€žÃ£â€šâ€™Ã£ â€"㠁 ¦Ã¥ â€°Ã£ â€žÃ£  ­Ã£â‚¬â€š Translation:  It is great that Hiroshi always helps his mother.

An Argument Against Drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Reserve Free Essays

An Argument against Drilling in the Alaskan National Wildlife Reserve By: James Andrew Whitten Government Economics Heath Vincent March 5, 2013 America’s rank as the world’s leading superpower gives the nation unsurpassed clout throughout the rest of the world, but as the old saying goes â€Å"With great power comes great responsibility. † Many other nations not only rely on America’s economy for their own country’s survival, but they also look up to America with a hopeful sense for the future. The founding fathers of this great nation had excellent insight into the authority that America would one day possess, and thus they attempted to set many precedents that would lead the way for the nations that would choose to follow America’s example. We will write a custom essay sample on An Argument Against Drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Reserve or any similar topic only for you Order Now Still today, every move that the American nation makes is carefully scrutinized by the other nations of the world. So, it is crucial that the United States ensure that as it moves forward, it does so with a noble and future oriented perception of its goals. Thus, drilling for oil in the Alaskan National Wildlife Reserve would be a colossal mistake for the United States, because drilling would be detrimental to the pristine indigenous environment, it would have little or no beneficial impact on the American or Global economy, and would poorly exemplify the ambitions that America should have. For the past century, the global dependency on oil has progressively increased each and every year. Now, the world’s need for a steady oil supply is at an all-time high, but oil supplies are slowly dwindling day by day. Oil prices have sky rocketed, the environment has been irreversibly damaged, and it is evident that this rate of oil consumption is completely unsustainable. So should America not be avidly searching for new sustainable alternatives to oil, rather than attempting to destroy land set aside for the very purpose of protecting it against such damaging procedures as oil drilling? The Alaskan National Wildlife Reserve (ANWR) is one of the many wildlife preservation efforts that great men in America’s past developed in order to preserve both the natural beauty of this great land, and the natural environment and its resources. Humans are one of the few species that contribute nearly nothing to ecosystem in which they live, yet they devour gargantuan amounts of the resources around them. Gasoline is an excellent example of this. Americans are consistently obliterating the ozone layer through their emission of toxic pollutants from the gas they use every day in their cars. Yet, rather than address the unmaintainable way of living they have adopted by attempting to lower their consumption, they just expect more gas. The American government should not allow this mindset to continue, and should aid its people in having a better understanding of their effect on the environment. This same greed carries directly over into the economic side of this situation too. Rather than accepting that ANWR only has enough oil resources to last for six months if the nation were to rely solely on it, and that the oil drilled would at the very most impact the oil price by three percent, Americans fool themselves into believing that ANWR can offer economic salvation. The American people would like to believe that this oil will release the country from its unhealthy dependence on foreign oil, but the fact is there is nowhere near enough oil there to have any such affect. And, the only people who will find true economic gain from the oil will be the oil companies. Instead of being blinded by greed, America should fix the real problem, the inflated consumption of oil by the American people. Finally, as previously stated, many nations admirably look up to America’s great influence in hope of a better future for their own nation. America should utilize this power to ensure that other nations also follow in a direction that will lead the world to a future that this current generation can take pride in. Drilling in the Alaskan National Wildlife Preserve would have the exact opposite effect. By drilling in ANWR, America would be making a statement that it is perfectly acceptable to further destroy the world’s unstable environment all for the sake of greed. It would set a pattern that said no matter the circumstances of the area, no matter that it is a safe haven for animal breeding, and no matter that the people of the world need o truly reflect on the rate of their oil consumption, it is acceptable to drill anywhere that oil is found. Would the American people have been so ready to drill if the refinery were going to be in Yellowstone and the magnificent Sequoias would have to be demolished? No, it would be an abomination to even consider, and so the same mentality should be set for ANWR. Americans have always taken an abundant pride in their country. The founding fathers of the mighty nation developed a country that is far beyond what anyone could have imagined two-hundred years ago. However, they too realized that all resources are not infinite and that there is great need to protect certain pieces of land for the sake of the future. Thus, they developed national wildlife reserves in the hope of setting aside land specifically for the purpose of preservation. The American nation needs to remember this, and maintain the ideals of those who came before them by looking to the future, not just the present. ANWR is meant for conservation, not more devastation. How to cite An Argument Against Drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Reserve, Essays

Memento Mori by Flyleaf free essay sample

Flyleaf’s Memento Mori Flyleaf’s highly anticipated second album â€Å"Memento Mori† has rang a lot of controversy among fans and critics. While some argue it is a religious album, Flyleaf members have stated time and time again that they do not consider themselves a religious group though sometimes their beliefs are woven into their lyrics. Controversy aside, Memento Mori has taken Flyleaf to new heights as a rock group showcasing their ability to use both captivating lyrics and head – bang worthy guitar riffs. Memento Mori (Latin for â€Å"be mindful of death† or â€Å"remember you will die†) plays out almost like a story through the course of the album. Starting with the fan loved single â€Å"Again† and finishing with an array of acoustic bonus tracks, the album takes listeners on a ride through the troubles of love and life and contemplating life and death. Over all I must say that I enjoyed Flyleaf’s debut album a bit more, but Memento Mori still scor es a 4 out of 5 in my book. We will write a custom essay sample on Memento Mori by Flyleaf or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Key Tracks: Again (for fans of Fully Alive, Perfect, and Cassie) Missing (for fans of Sorrow, All Around Me, Red Sam) Beautiful Bride (for fans of I’m So Sick and Cassie) Break Your Knees (for fans of So I Thought, and Red Sam acoustic version)

Solutions to Prevent High School Dropouts Essay Example

Solutions to Prevent High School Dropouts Paper Are you sitting down? Each year, more than a million kids will leave school without earning a high school diploma thats approximately 7,000 students every day of the academic year, Without that diploma, theyll be more likely to head down a path that leads to lower-paying jobs, PC)ere health, and the possible continuation of a cycle of poverty that creates immense challenges for families, neighborhoods, and communities. For some students, dropping out is the culmination of years of academic hurdles, missteps, and wrong turns. For others, the decision to drop out is a response to conflicting elite pressures the deed to help support their family financially or the demands of caring for siblings or their own child. Dropping out is sometimes about students being bored and seeing no connection between academic life and real life. Its about young people feeling disconnected from their peers and from teachers and other adults at school. And its about schools and communities having too few resources to meet the complex emotional and academic needs of their most vulnerable youth. We will write a custom essay sample on Solutions to Prevent High School Dropouts specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Solutions to Prevent High School Dropouts specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Solutions to Prevent High School Dropouts specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Although the reasons for dropping out vary, the consequences Of the decision are remarkably similar. Over a lifetime, dropouts typically earn less, suffer from poorer health as adults, and are more likely to Wind up in jail than their diploma-earning peers. An August 2007 report by the California Dropout Research Project (PDF) detailed the economic and social impacts of failing to finish high school in the Golden State. The numbers cited in the report are sobering: High school graduates earn an average of nearly $290,000 more than dropouts over their lifetime, and they are 68 percent less apt to rely on public assistance. The link between dropout rates and crime is also well documented, ND the reports data indicates that high school graduation reduces violent crime by 20 percent. And nationally, the economic impact is clear: A 2011 analysis by the Alliance for Excellent Education estimates that by halving the 2010 national dropout rate, for example (an estimated 1. Million students that year), new graduates would likely earn a collective 57. 6 billion more in an average year than they would without a high school diploma. Mounting research on the causes and consequences of dropping out, coupled with more accurate reporting on the extent of the crisis, has led to increased public focus on whats been called he silent epidemic And faith that focus comes the possibility of more action at the local, state, and national levels to implement a mix of reforms that will support all students through high school graduation. Such reforms include early identification of and support for struggling students, more relevant and engaging courses, and structural and scheduling changes to the typical school day. Decades of research and pockets of success point to measures that work. Here are ten strategies that can help reduce the dropout rate in your school or community. We begin with steps to connect students and parents to school and hen address structural, programmatic, and funding changes: 1. Engage and Partner with Parents Its an all-too-familiar story: Parent involvement declines as students get older and become more independent. But although the role of parents changes in secondary school, their ongoing engagement from regular communication with school staff to familiarity With their childs schedule, courses, and progress toward graduation remains central to students success. Findings in a March 2006 report, The Silent Epidemic, illustrate the importance Of engaged parents throughout secondary school. Sixty-eight percent of the high school dropouts Who participated in the study said their parents became involved in their education only after realizing their student was contemplating dropping out of school. In Sacramento, California, high school staff members make appointments with parents for voluntary home visits, to keep parents engaged with their childrens progress. This strategy which has so far been replicated nationally in eleven states, plus the District of Columbia includes placing as many visits as possible during summer and fall to parents of teens entering high school a radical transition point for many students to begin building a net of support and to connect parents to the new school. Staffers also conduct summer, tall, and spring home visits between and during the sophomore and junior years to students who are at risk of not graduating because of deficiencies in course credits, the possibility of failing the state high school exit exam (a condition of graduation), or poor grades. Visits in the summer after junior year and fall of senior year are to ensure that students are on track for either career or college. Early evaluations of the program by Paul Thus of Sacramento County Office to Educations Center for Student Assessment and Program Accountability found that students who received a home visit were considerably more likely to be successful in their exit exam intervention and academic-support classes and pass the English portion of the exit exam. A follow-up evaluation of the initial cohort of students at Luther Burbank High School showed that the students both passed the exit exam and graduated high school at significantly higher rates. (Visit the website Of the Parent/Teacher Home Visit Project. )

Free Essays on Descartes Existence Of The Perfect Being

In his meditations, Descartes points out that there are three types of ideas; they can be innate, adventitious, caused by things outside of one’s self, and others that can be invented by us, such as ideas of mermaids or unicorns. After he concludes that God must necessarily exist, which will be discussed in more detail later on in this paper, he closes in to the fact that his idea of the Perfect Being cannot be adventitious, coming from without, nor can it be invented by him. Thus, this idea must be innate since he has a clear and distinct perception of God’s existence, and that Descartes must have been created by God with such an idea already in him. The idea of a Perfect Being in Descartes’ mind consists of an infinite, eternal, immutable, independent, supremely intelligent as well as a powerful substance, which created him and everything else. Thus he realizes that the idea of God must have far more objective reality than he has formal reality because God is an infinite substance where as he himself is only a finite substance. Having explained the idea of Descartes’ perfect being lets go into more detail on the process he uses to prove that such being actually exists. Descartes’ proof of the existence of God occurs in the Third Meditation. He builds his entire argument upon his proof in the previous meditation that in order for him to think, he must exist. From this single observation, Descartes notices that the idea of his existence is very clear and distinct in his mind; based upon this clarity and the fact that he has just determined his own existence, he deduces a rule such that the things that he sees as very clear and very distinct are all true. Descartes starts his proof by dividing â€Å"thought† into four categories; ideas (concepts), volitions (choices), emotions (desires), and judgments (beliefs). He then breaks down these categories to discover which types of thoughts can yield error. The first thing to ... Free Essays on Descartes Existence Of The Perfect Being Free Essays on Descartes Existence Of The Perfect Being In his meditations, Descartes points out that there are three types of ideas; they can be innate, adventitious, caused by things outside of one’s self, and others that can be invented by us, such as ideas of mermaids or unicorns. After he concludes that God must necessarily exist, which will be discussed in more detail later on in this paper, he closes in to the fact that his idea of the Perfect Being cannot be adventitious, coming from without, nor can it be invented by him. Thus, this idea must be innate since he has a clear and distinct perception of God’s existence, and that Descartes must have been created by God with such an idea already in him. The idea of a Perfect Being in Descartes’ mind consists of an infinite, eternal, immutable, independent, supremely intelligent as well as a powerful substance, which created him and everything else. Thus he realizes that the idea of God must have far more objective reality than he has formal reality because God is an infinite substance where as he himself is only a finite substance. Having explained the idea of Descartes’ perfect being lets go into more detail on the process he uses to prove that such being actually exists. Descartes’ proof of the existence of God occurs in the Third Meditation. He builds his entire argument upon his proof in the previous meditation that in order for him to think, he must exist. From this single observation, Descartes notices that the idea of his existence is very clear and distinct in his mind; based upon this clarity and the fact that he has just determined his own existence, he deduces a rule such that the things that he sees as very clear and very distinct are all true. Descartes starts his proof by dividing â€Å"thought† into four categories; ideas (concepts), volitions (choices), emotions (desires), and judgments (beliefs). He then breaks down these categories to discover which types of thoughts can yield error. The first thing to ...

The Breakfast Club Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Breakfast Club - Movie Review Example There are several methods of communication, verbal and nonverbal, that appear in this film. Each character has their own different attitude and self-concept that is evident throughout the majority of the movie. They have difficulties communicating because they are more likely to be arguing about certain subjects that they are discussing. Since their peers have labeled them as a certain type, it seems as though their self concept of themselves is much different than the image that they convey to others. What many of the characters realize throughout the film is that their self concepts of themselves really do not differ that much from each other. Sometimes, they put up a certain front in order to almost fit their stereotype and it is an effort to put up a wall. However, the characters start to ask questions of each other and this breaks the stereotypes. Each student's self image and self concept starts to evolve and they realize that maybe they have more in common then they first real ized. Interpersonal communication is something that people do not realize that they are doing. Sometimes it is a subconscious reaction. Those subconscious reactions are, however, very strong and powerful messages. Interpersonal communication can be defined as how involved people are when engaging. This includes proximity and how close together people are standing or sitting in relation to each other. Interpersonal communication also includes sensory responses such as eye contact. It also includes feedback. In a smaller group, the communication is more intimate because people are usually in closer proximity to one another and feedback is more immediate as response times are generally quicker (Borchers). That is one situation that members of â€Å"The Breakfast Club† have troubles overcoming. Generally these are a group of students that typically would not interact. However, when put in a single room together and there is a small group of them, they must somehow communicate wit h one another. Even though this is a group that would stereotypically not usually mingle, they still are able to communicate with one another. Despite the fact that each character had their own certain stereotypes, as the film carries on, they start to defy their stereotypes in order to communicate with one another. The other members of the group realize that how they had stereotyped another person was not in fact who they really were. Just because someone looks or acts a certain does not define what is truly within them. By the end of the film though, they have learned more about each other despite their differences and have somehow united and gained unspoken friendship despite the oddity that none of them fit in the same social groups with each other. When discussing interpersonal communication, there are four major principles. The first is that it is inescapable; the second is that it is irreversible; is complicated; and lastly, is contextual. Each of these is fundamental to comm unication. Communication is contextual. Depending on the type of environment you are in, what your own motives or desires are, the interaction of a classroom or even different cultures, genders or stereotypes even interact differently (King). The beginning of The Breakfast Club is a time when obviously none of the students want to be there. They feel as though they are stuck with a group of people that will make the day long because it seems as though none of them have anything in common. At times, their

British Petroleum (BP) and its corporate Image Term Paper

British Petroleum (BP) and its corporate Image - Term Paper Example Every company needs a market and a public where to sell its products. This would only be possible if the company is known to the public, and they have a picture in their minds regarding it. This picture has to be positive; otherwise it could cost the company. A positive image increases a company’s credibility. This image is somewhat build through advertising, where the company portrays itself. Such advertising is not sales-oriented, but takes the help of the public relations department to promote a better reputation and name-awareness of the company. Corporate advertising uses strategies to build a sense of buoyancy and fascination among the consumers’ as well as the others in the industry. The whole company is advertised and branded, not just the products and services. Corporate image is an amalgamated psychological image, which continues to change, according to the firm’s products, strategies, media coverage and other events. The corporate image is a public opi nion of the company, and does not necessarily echo the company’s actual image, size or position. Corporate image is flexible and can change unexpectedly. It could go from best to worst, in hours, because of any scandal or any news, even fake, that found its way into the media, and that highlights a negative aspect of the firm. For example, in the 1990s The Food Lion supermarket faced a scandal that accused the store of unhygienic practices, which was a fraud; but the store was forced to withdraw from the  Houston,  Oklahoma,  Louisiana, and  Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex  markets, which it had recently entered, because of bad publicity. Or it could go from worst to good overnight, by a feature printed in the Wall Street Journal, or any other newspaper; written by a reporter who was impressed by your services. It is very unpredictable. Companies use advertising techniques to improve their depiction. Brands represent a philosophy; for example The Apple Computer Company has survived a lot of ups and downs, regarding its corporate image. Apple appealed to those computer users who were innovative and creative, who wanted to see themselves as unique and free-spirited people. Apple also faced complains and criticism for its iPhone 4, where there was a connectivity problem. Apple refused to accept that it was a technical error, instead asked the consumers that iPhones have to be held differently. Nowadays, the public relations departments are also involved in positive corporate image building. CORPORATE IMAGE AFFECTS BUSINESS SALES Corporate image helps consumers remember your company. How will people buy your products or services if they are not even aware that your company exists. According to the Gallup Poll, companies today are only 16% responsible, as compared to the 70% in 1968 (Argenti 5). In business, what matters most is what the public thinks and beliefs; and the public trust is what must be upheld and should not be broken. (Argenti 11) The pu blic trust in global companies is going in negative numbers. The statistics have been calculated by subtracting the percentage of distrust from the percentage of trust, expressed by the public during surveys. This shows that the public no longer trust the global companies, to upheld their rights and cater to their needs. (Argenti 15) Companies having good standing are more likely to achieve and maintain their status and public trust in

Post Civil War Westward Expansion History Essay

Post Civil War Westward Expansion History Essay Both before and after the Civil War, people were exploring and settling into the West, discovering new sources of income, freedom, and adventure. These were the times of westward expansion and manifest destiny. The belief in manifest destiny inspired Americans to be obligated to settle and exploit new opportunities in the newly opened lands, since they would extend the domain of free government and free enterprise (Historyteacher.net). As more Americans settled the West, the lands they inhabited were established into territories. In the 1840s, Texas, Oregon south of the 49th parallel, and the area between the Rockies and California were acquired for the United States. Texas was annexed after nine years of independence from Mexico after the Texas Revolution, which led to the Mexican War as the United States and Mexico disputed over the southern border. As a result of this war, the United States acquired the Rio Grande border, and the territories of New Mexico, and California. Soon, gold was discovered in California in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in 1848 and people started flooding in for the Gold Rush. This population boom essentially established the city of San Francisco and new financial opportunities for women. However, when these new territories of New Mexico and California were to be admitted as states, the issue of slavery came up: if one more free state was added than a slave state, then there would be unbalance of power between the North and South. This presented a problem for the nation, since it was necessary to decide whether or not and how slavery would be allowed in the territories. In effort of finding a solution, the Compromise of 1850 was drawn up by Henry Clay, which entailed that only California would be added as a free state and the rest of the territories from Mexico would have no restrictions on slavery. The Civil War then rolled in in 1861 and its conclusion four years later vanquished any future for slavery. Once the war was over, westward expansion commenced full steam ahead, as construction of the Transcontinental Railroad gained momentum in 1866, having the last spike hammered down in 1869. Quite a number of ex-slaves migrated West to escape threats of Jim Crow laws in the South. Cattle raising, farming, and mining became substantial new markets, and all the new settlers impacted both the land, economy, and most significantly the original inhabitants and new minorities. Into the West traveled from the East thousands of Anglo-Americans and some European immigrants looking for gold and silver, and pastures for farming and ranching. What enabled so many to go out there were the Transcontinental Railroad and the Homestead Act of 1862. The Homestead Act gave out 160 acres of federally owned land for a small fee to citizens for them to cultivate and improve it. The strategy and initial plan often failed, however it enticed enough people to go out to the West and start making a living. Between the 1860s and 1890s a mining boom occurred as a result of corporations taking over the search for metals where the individuals had finished scouring the surface. A few of the locations where this took place were the Comstock Lode and the Black Hills. In general, mining focus shifted from gold and silver to copper and lead, for they were metals considered more important, and were sent back to the East. A result of the increased corporate mining was the increase in so-called boomtowns, in which could be found excitement, large quantities of men (mainly those who worked for the mining business), and vigilantes fighting the lawlessness. Once the mines had been excavated to their fullest extent, the mines were closed, and consequentially, the boomtowns abandoned. Cattle ranchers were the first settlers to take over the Great Plains, raising their cattle on open ranges, becoming the cowboys we know today. These settlers would obtain their techniques and equipment from the original Mexican and Texan herders. To send their cattle to the East, they would round up their 2000-5000 cattle and drive it up to a railroad, the most popular being initially being at Abilene, Kansas. Open ranges began to disappear as farmers and other herders of cattle and sheep began to arrive, bringing competition and barbed-wire fences, constricting the cattle herds. Cattle became a popular commodity; corporations began to expand around the industry. Unfortunately, they produced more cattle than the East could take and their facilities became overstocked, causing a massive quantity of cattle death, and the decline of the industry. Prior to the rejuvenated expansion, Hispanics populated the Southwest region of the United States. New Mexicos Hispanics maintained a Pueblo society based on a hierarchy of aristocracy, peasants, and Indian laborers. Soon the Anglo-Americans began to move in, bringing with them ranching, farming, and mining, and subordinating Mexican immigrants. Californian Hispanics lived in missions replaced in the 1830s by an aristocracy, also forcing Indians into labor. Both in California and in Texas the surge of Anglo-Americans caused the Hispanics to become a minority and be persecuted, lose land, and change to industrial work. The Chinese were also represented a significant portion of Western population, as by 1880, over 200,000 Chinese workers had migrated into the United States, especially into California. At first they were welcomed and prospered, but soon they struggled from discrimination, as a result of being seen as a threats and rivals for jobs. The Chinese found work, building 90% of the Transcontinental Railroad for the Pacific Railroad Company. However successful the labor of the Chinese may have been, anti-Chinese sentiment among American workers rose, leading to the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882, which banned immigration for 10 years and allowed no naturalized citizenship. The Native American people fared worst of all. As Anglo-Americans ventured into their land, they saw the Natives as an obstacle, and thus worked to remove them from their path. The new settlers completely ignored the sanctity of the treaties created prior, and so the federal government had to created new ones and relocate the natives. Also, the lifestyles of the Native Americans of the Great Plains absolutely relied upon the buffalo herds; when the buffalo numbers withered from the millions to only a few thousand due to overhunting, the Natives lives were changed for the worse. In response to this attack on their lifestyles, there were constant Indian wars from 1850-1880 resisting White expansion. This led to the Dawes Act of 1887 which took away all tribal land rights and gave the land away to individual heads of families. The goal of this act was to assimilate the Indians into white society and culture, eradicating them of their heritage and own traditions. The sources used for this research did not significantly differ amongst each other in the information they provided. They generally wrote about the same themes and focused on the main ideas of this chapter in history and in our textbook. This is because the information given by sources describing this time period consisted of events which carried minimal sources of inconsistency, as they were well documented. Westward expansion had a great impact upon the United States and its history. The land of the Great Plains changed shape as agriculture became a staple market and industry. California and the Southwest became the home of a multitude of cultures and diverse ethnicity, the effect of which can be seen today. This also applies to the current state of Indian affairs, as the effect of American expansion into their land wreaked havoc upon them. Now, the Americanized west is no longer a separate entity, but part of the whole of the United States, in government, people, and history.

Nike Case Study Essay

The Nike Sweatshop DebateShould Nike be held responsible for working conditions in foreign factories that it does not own, but where subcontractors make products for Nike?Nike is definitely not only responsible but also accountable for the working conditions of foreign factories that it does not own which it subcontracts with. Nike should have taken the initiative to be responsible of the contractors/employees working in other countries on a global scale. For example: Recently, Pepsi Cola was in the news for allegations of having pesticides in their drink products in India. Pepsi ensured that it was not just meeting standards in the Indian Market, but has the same standards of water purification across the world. Pepsi was found in a similar situation such as Nike, they should have realized that even though they were getting cheap labor in other countries that they needed to be socially responsible to ensure that the workers get minimum wages and work in conditions that are acceptabl e on a global scale. What labor standards regarding safety, working conditions, overtime, and the like should Nike hold foreign factories to: those prevailing in that country, or those prevailing in the United States?Nike needs to adopt a policy for its overseas operations which will allow them to enjoy the cost advantages that they are realizing by off shoring manufacturing of shoes, yet which will give them the integrity of being a humanitarian company. For example, if Nike adopts the normal standards in the country of manufacturing then it is not able to comply with some of the human rights related issues that global organizations should comply with. Thus, it is very important that Nike adopts a series of standards that ensures that workers get at least the minimum wages in the respective country but the working conditions should be acceptable enough for workers to work and the minimum age limit of workers should also be enforced strictly. An income of $2.28 a day, the base pay of Nike Factory workers in Indonesia, is double the daily income of about half the working population. Half of all adults in Indonesia are farmers, who receive less than $1 a day. Given this, is it correct to criticize Nike for the low pay rates of its subcontractors in Indonesia?Each country has their own which is regulated by the labor laws in each country. Daily rates are different according to the skill of  workers, type of city the worker lives and works in and the prices of essential commodities in the city and state. For example, the daily wage of workers in factories manufacturing Nike shoes may be higher than farmers in the same city and or state. If Nike’s contractors are not abiding by the minimum wage regulations for the type of skill and working conditions in which these workers work in, then Nike should be reprimanded and fined on the global scale. Yet, should Nike’s contractors obey the minimum wage regulations set by the government according to a workers skills and working conditions, then Nike cannot be condemned or criticized and comparing wages of one set of workers with another set of workers would be irrelevant. Could Nike have handled the negative publicity over sweatshops better? What might it have done differently, not just from a public relations perspective, but also from a policy perspective?From a policy perspective, Nike could have handled the negative publicity over sweatshops much better. Nike could have enforced policies for all the contractors who are manufacturing either shoes or apparels for Nike across countries to obey the local rules and also could have created some better policies that would apply to all the factories that manufacture Nike’s products. In a good faith effort, Nike should have published the names of all the contractors across countries that obeyed the local working regulations, conditions and wages. Nike could have demanded that the local labor inspectors in different countries do an audit of their factories on a regular basis to ensure that contractors comply with the local laws in their respective countries so that the people working there would be safe and fairly treated. Do you think Nike needs to make any changes to its current policy? If so what? Should Nike make changes even if they hinder the ability of the company to compete?Nike should adopt policies which work across the globe where their factories and workers are concerned. They need to ensure that all their contractors obey both the wage regulations and local working conditions in all countries. Nike can ensure this either by designating a labor inspector in each of their regions whom will report the details of all the workers working in their factories to a local, regional, national, and international board. This report would be submitted to legal experts at the  country level and worldwide level to ensure that all the laws are in compliance by contractors of Nike. Is the WRC right to argue that the FLA is a tool of industry?Nike factories were found to be incompliant with the WRC as they found some policies which were not being followed in Nike’s factories. WRC give ample time to FLA to see that all Nike factories are compliant with the local labor laws in their countries. WRC should routinely audit some of Nike’s factories which FLA has deemed as compliant with local labor laws to ensure that it is not a tool of the industry. If sweatshops are a global problem, what might be a global solution to this problem?Bottom line is that companies should be held responsible for adhering to local, national, and international laws concerning the working conditions of people across the globe. Next summarize the strategic and operational challenges facing global managers illustrated in your selected case. Also comment on recent global developments affecting the company in this case. Strategic Challenges†¢Identifying low cost countries for cost effectiveness while still adhering to regulations governing working conditions and wages. †¢Ensuring that consumers can get the same quality of product form anywhere across the globe. †¢Letting the world know what the company is doing to ensure that its contractors and subcontractors are compliant with Nike’s policies. Operational Challenges†¢Ensuring the same training and development of employees across regions, nations and the globe. †¢Ensuring that each manufacturing plant has similar working conditions across the globe. †¢Ensuring that every worker receives fair wages across the globe. References Hill, Charles W.L. (2005). International Business: Competing in the global marketplace. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Methodologies of christian social ethics

A particular group of people for centuries together practices certain principles which are approved by the group; society or community for generations Is called customs. Character: Our behavior, conduct or repeated practice of habits became a character. According to medical science it is easy to Stealing. Repeated habits lead to character. Even our character or habits form our personality.Society which we came from plays a lead role in forming character and our culture plays a role in formation of our character. 4. 06. 12 Morals: The word morals come from the Latin word â€Å"moss† which means â€Å"way of life† or habits. Ethos means customs or character. In modern world the word moral and ethics have been used interchangeable. Both the terms connotes those duties and responsibilities which persons have with reference to right and wrong conduct or ultimate purpose of life. Ethics talk about what is right and wrong, then duties and responsibilities, and then the command ment.The second point is ultimate purpose of life. Morality is the description of human behavior. Traditionally the word moral was used in descriptive sense. In today's world the word moral is used by restrictive sense. As an adjective: To describe behaviors of persons or people commonly regarded as right, good or appropriate. As a noun: To refer to the norms or principles practiced by a particular group of people regarding right or wrong conduct. In order to revive sound moral Judgment, we need to have two main things; 1 Vigorous pursuit of relevant information, (Work hard to get information) 2.More complete data to illuminate the nature of the problem Ethics: Ethics is a Praxis oriented or reflective reflection on morality in order to give sound moral Judgment. Morals is a descriptive or to describe human behavior or conduct. While ethics reflect on morality, morality describes the behavior of a person. 19. 6. 12 Mackenzie (1860 – 1935) A 19th century philosopher defines et hics as a study of what is right or good in human conduct or the science of the ideal involvement in human life Staunch Sinai says † Ethics is a normative science which is systematic knowledge†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ T is a science in so far as it depends upon the observation, classification and explanation off human conduct with reference to an ideal†. It is an ideal consist of view set by what is right or wrong. Conclusion: Ethics evaluates he voluntary action and habitual actions of persons and considers their rightness and wrongness. Ethics is a systematic study of human conduct, individual as well as cooperate. It is concerned with determining what conduct is right or wrong, good or bad, fitting and non-flitting. Christian Ethics Ethics plus Bible is known as Christian ethics.Sources of Christian ethics are 1) Bible and 2) cultural norms and traditions. Some scholars say that we can learn from other religions also. Bible: The study of ethics based on bible is known as Christi an ethics. Ethics is a critical reflection on morality basing on the word of god. To understand oral Judgment first source available for Christians is bible. Other sources for dong Christina ethics is Bible normative. Cultural Norms: Traditional moral principles say that we can learn from other traditions or other cultural norms. Our experience is also a source of Christian ethics.If Bible is not there, there is no Christian ethics. Definitions on Christian Ethics Signal Paul: According to Signal Paul â€Å"Christian ethics is a critical reflection on human conduct or the issue and the problem that we face in our society basing on definition Critical analysis of Christian ethics is based on a) data and b) teaching of he bible Adams: According to Adams â€Å"reflection on human conduct ? .. Aim to achieve clarity and consistency with respect to the ground and goal, the motives and the norms, the means and consequences of right action conceived as the response to and the working of the grace of the God. 20. 06. 2012 Hunter P Mammary: â€Å"The living reality of God as understood through Christ and Judo- Christian tradition – is the distinctive component in serious reflection on human moral conduct†. James M. Gustafson defines Christian ethics as â€Å"ethic must be Christian and is Christian in a universally applicable sense because it is in Christ that al things are created and he is the Lord of all things. This definition Justifies the first one. Ethic must be Christian because the community is called to absolute obedience to Jesus Christ as Lord.Conclusion: Christian ethics is a listing kind of discipline and it is also different from other fields of studies. Also Christian ethics help to study the social sciences. Christian means the help of other social sciences we are to see the relation of Christian ethics with other social sciences. Psychology helps us in order to understand human behavior. Social analysis is sociology which is more crit ical and racial. Social analysis helps to understand the origin and development in society. Sociology will help us to understand Biblical history and structure of the society.Sociology and history of Christianity will help us to understand issues, development context of O T and N T and changes in many Christian traditions. Theology helps us to see and analyze Church. History of Christianity helps theology. It becomes abnormal for us to look back our church tradition, when it comes to serious conflict. Study of theology helps to know how theology was originating and developing. It helps us to listen to our issues. Biblical Studies: The Most important help we get in terms of Christianity is from biblical studies. We deal with origin, purpose, occasion, date and development in biblical studies.Most importantly we do interpretation I. E. Hermeneutics. In short hermeneutic means interpreting origin and development of text. The theological background from where we came is matter while int erpreting Bible. We believe Holy Spirit is one person who interprets Bible to us. Holy Spirit manifest to us in different ways where we may have topography experience. Most times our theology will affect our Biblical Hermeneutics. 21 . 06. 12 Conclusion: To conclude the purpose of Christian ethics it is not that we discover perfect solution. Christian ethic has to do with Christian morality and values.Christian Ethics teach us about singular relationship between God and Man 22. 06. 12 MODES OF ETHICAL DISCOURSE: A. Deontological Ethics, The word demonology derives from the Greek word â€Å"Eden† means â€Å"necessary or imperative†. It is also known as traditional ethics or classical ethics. Deontological Ethics is imperative absolute and obligatory, independent of their ends and consequences. Most of the deontological will say that some of our actions are consequences or results. When important is given to means it does not bother about ends. If Bible says do not stea l we should not.Many deontological will say that this ethics concentrate on means not consequences. Different types of Deontological Ethics. 1. Rights According to Robin Gill â€Å"rights† is a more recent example of deontological ethics. He gives the example of right to live, right of the women to choose. The best known contemporary defender of deontological approach to rights is by Ronald Deerskin. He argues that rights should not be over ridden by consideration of social well-being. 2. Legalism or Absolutism Legalism is a law. This is one of the most widespread models of deontological ethics.Deontological attempts to state what kinds of acts are either require or forbidden. They claim that by the very nature of things certain kinds of acts are always obligatory. It requires a person to apply a rule or code which has already been formulated. 3. Rule Ethics Rule Ethics points to an already existing authority – Truth Reentered-. Deontological ethics are also presented as rule ethics which is considered as the answer of tradition. The answer of the ethical tradition or of rule ethics points the questionnaire to an orderly existing authority.Though Reentered talks about the rule ethics, his concern is more of an ethical tradition which implies a separate speculative world or situation ethics. 4. The Divine Command Theory The divine command theory is also known as theological voluntarism which holds that the standard of right and wrong is the will or love of God. Proponents of this view believe that right and wrong – is that commanded and forbidden by God. 5. Obedient Love. This is one of the most important types in Deontological Ethics propounded by Paul Ramsey. According to Paul Ramsey the central ethical notion on category in Christian ethics is obedient love.This is the sword of love the gospel describes as love fulfilling the law and Paul designates as faith that works through love. Ramsey defines it as â€Å"faith that works though lov e†. 6. Categorical Imperative. Emmanuel Kant (1724-1804) stressed on Categorical imperative. The most important theory of Deontological ethics is Categorical imperative of Emmanuel Kant. His book is Critic of Practical reason. In Kantian theological theory, an action is Justified by showing what it is right not by showing that the consequences of acts are good.According to Emmanuel Kant each individual is rational and is able to reason and arrived at the right decision regarding his or her own actions. Reasons according to Emmanuel Kant transcend all groups, cultures, societies and dialects and a set of rational principles which are to be obeyed by all. Emmanuel Kant tries to establish the ultimate basis for the validity of moral rules – is pure reason, not in intuition or conscience. In his view a moral principle gains universal applicability when that principle cannot be rationally rejected.So the ultimate basis of morality rests on principle of reason which all ratio nal creatures possess. 25. 6. 12 The Critique of Pure reason of Emmanuel Kant (1781) He talks about reason. Religion could be established on the basis of practical reason. About obligation. Deontological are not concerned with end results. Traditional Christians follows deontological ethics. They take moral principles without seeing consequences. They Just said don't do or do with absolute attitudes. Emmanuel Kant says do your duty though the heavens may fall.The deontological are of the view that â€Å"the end does not always Justify the means† Cant's Theory on Categorical imperatives or Three important Principles of Kant Cant's theory on Categorical imperatives includes: 1 . Autonomy (self-governs) Here we have freedom to choose. It talks about autonomous will of a person. Emmanuel Kant bases his entire moral system on the affirmation that every rational being exist as an end in himself not merely as a means, according to binding moral rules valid for everyone – for arbitrary use by these or that will happen when a person behaves according to binding moral rules valid for everyone.He considers that a person has an autonomous will. Hence the principle autonomy is never choosing except in such a way that in the same volition the maxims of your choice are also present as universal laws. This means that it should be within the principles of universal laws) Therefore a person's autonomy consists in his ability to direct himself/ herself according to these moral maxims. 2. The Goodwill What make an action right or wrong are not the consequences of the act, but rather the principle guiding the act.He spoke of the will as something that is within our conscious control as opposed to a wish that is not within our conscious control. In other words he states that the good will is not because it achieves good results. Even if it were unable to obtain the ends it would still be good in itself and have a higher worth than the superficial things gained by immo ral actions. 6. 6. 12 3. Duty and Moral Laws: Emmanuel Kant explains the relationship between goodwill and duty. A good will is one which acts for the sake of duty. Human actions have moral worth only if they are performed from duty.Actions that result from inclinations or self-interest maybe praise worthy if they happened, for whatever reason to accord with duty, but they are not moral. According to Kant the dutiful person takes the maxim of helping others to express or embody a requirement, Just as Law does. What we understand from Cant's categorical imperative is that the categorical imperatives should tell us that our axiom themselves must be laws which is universal being the characteristics of laws. It tells us to act on those principles which are laws. Therefore, Kant argues for the importance of action from duty.The only thing good without qualification is goodwill and a person acquires both good will and moral worth by acting from duty. Therefore one's duty is to act in acco rdance with objective moral values and laws and such laws are categorical. The teaching of deontological ethics is if some moral principles are laid down we are to follow it. It is the teaching of deontological ethics. All the laws amended in the Bible are to be followed by the Christina s whether we like it or not. Summary CNN: You need to critique deontological ethic. Can we apply deontological ethics of the bible all the times?Is all the Bible commandments are applicable for all in relation to Indian context? 28-6-12 Teleological ethics comes into being because some found deontological ethics not gives any freedom. Ideologists say that in all aspects teleological ethics involved. It comes into been on process to an end or goal. We do right today in order to achieve a high good in the future. An action should not be done for the sake of Jesus only. Ideologists say all circumstances will not work. It focuses on ends and goals. There is no choice but absolute obligation. We cannot l ive in the world of dos and don't. We should live on aspirations for the future.The right action which we do today will lead us to future. Our action should have goal purpose. Teleology comes from Greek word tells means â€Å"end† â€Å"purpose† or â€Å"goal†. Teleology ethics is for ends and goals so that moral decision making are to be Judged in the light of an end or goal. The ideologists look at the consequences of actions rather than to any intrinsic goodness or badness n action. In other words it is ethics of aspirations good or ends also referred to as consequential ethics. This approach is concerned with questions regarding the highest good or final goals of life toward which persons should aspire.Most prominent deontological are Jeremy Beneath, John Stuart Mill and Judger N Molten and Earaches Bausch. Different approach or Theories on Teleological Ethics 1. Quantitative utilitarianism It simply means greater happiness or number. All the philosophers wh o talk about quantitative utilitarianism are indebted to Jeremy Beneath (1784 – 1818). An action s right when there is absence of pain. If we talk about happiness it has to be with greatest number. The idea of the greater happiness of human kind as the end of morality was placed in a secular framework by Jeremy Beneath.Jeremy Beneath believes that man always sticks to his own pleasure. He agreed with Epicures that the ethical or the right is that which produces the most pleasure. Though there are similarities, Beneath however developed his theory farther than Epicures. Epicures mainly talks about one's own pleasure but Beneath along with pleasure on individual talks about the pleasure of the community. In other word, Beneath states that right action is always the promotion not simply of one's own pleasure but of the community of all persons. 2. Scatological Ethics It is either of the end or the ethics of the future.Scatological ethics means ethics of good at end. Within Chris tian tradition certain ideas about the ultimate good or the final end of history and how one is to relate to this end has been a dominant motive in several strands/ types of ethical thoughts. Models built on this theme emphasize the sovereignty of God and the expected establishment of God's righteousness in all hinges, but deviate regarding whether the sovereignty of God is future or present, individual or societal a future condition for which one must wait for a condition of righteousness within history for which one must labor. L.Other worldly model It talks about future happiness in heaven even thought if we suffer at the present world. In other words it is the behavior that the ultimate purpose of our life is in the heavenly kingdom, not in the world. Its main concern is future world of happiness. Followers of this approach believe that true life exist only in heaven, a world beyond this present life. Consequently, for them life in this world is viewed as a testing ground. It em phasis the cultivation of certain qualities of the spirit which they believe the conservative believes in this understanding of true life that will come beyond death.It explains the cultivation of certain spiritual qualities in anticipation of life beyond death. 3. 7. 12 ii Kingdom of God This model gained prominence during the early part of the nineteenth century and it is associated with the social gospel movement by author Walter Reaches Bausch. The followers of this theory believe in the proper norms and principles for how to live in the society. This model talks about the present world. It is actually talking about Christianization of social order. This model is rooted in the belief that the proper norm regarding how society should be organized and arranged by the kingdom of God concept.The followers of this model claim that an understanding of Kingdom of God provides both a version of good society and authority which enables the followers to work for grater approximation of ki ngdom within history. They understand that the Kingdom of God is nothing less than â€Å"humanity organized† accord not the will of the God. Therefore a according to the Kingdom of God model the hive task of Christians and churches is to labor for the Christianization of the social order. It regards individualistic salvation as totality inadequate for dealing with the problem of evil, which has become institutionalized in the structure of the society.Sin is seen not merely as the corruption of the individual will but of the institution. Iii) Liberation Model Liberation model which has come to existence in recent years, especially in third world has its root historically in the struggle of oppressed people to be freed from dependence and exploitation. It has the scatological hope for freedom and liberation. It takes the biblical image of the Christ as the liberator and conceives liberation as both spiritual in terms of after life and takes the historical and the temporal as th e arena where Christians must struggle for liberation.It is for a radical break within unjust social order and realizations of salvation as qualitative and not merely a quantitative dimension of life. This model provides a strong motive and power to the struggle of the oppressed. 3. Qualitative Utilitarianism Though Beneath formulated the universalistic pleasure theory, later universalistic and utilitarianism found this theory failing to meet certain difficulties. One of the foremost proponents of the qualitative latter utilitarianism was John Stuart Mill (1806 – 1873), whose father was a friend and follower of J Beneath.John Stuart Mill almost agreed with Beneath concerning the central formula of Utilitarianism. But the major difference is that Beneath took quantitative approach to happiness whereas Mill argues that the quality of the happiness should be our primary concern. According to John S Mill the quality of happiness should be the major concern in our ethics of discou rses. Social points how John S Mill explains his theory; 04. 07. 12 I) Empiricism It talks about experience from field research. Mill is from classical theory. He talks about experience as source of all ideas. When he talks about empiricism, he talks about inductive approach.Inductive means particular to general and deductive is general to particular. A study begins with particular to general. It needs a field study. He says experience should lead to general uniformity about the right action. ‘I) On Mill would talk about the freedom of an individual. Complete liberty should be given to individual provided that their action should not cause any harm to anyone. He also tastes that there is a relationship between ethics, individual freedom and democracy. In other words Mill says that we are cultural moral beings only when we act for the benefit of the whole humanity.For that kind of act compulsion should not be there and should be out from free will. C. Contextual Ethics l. Conte xtual ethics of Paul Lehman Contextual ethicists say that they are not comfortable with the approach of deontological and teleological approach. They say we need to look at the circumstances of moral action. Contextual ethicists say that deontological ethics will not be appropriate in different contexts. Contextual ethics talks about moral judgment of an action should be fitting to the context. The place of context or circumstances of moral action is important in relation to moral Principles and rules.Roman Catholics use the word moral theology whereas contextual theology is applicable and popular among Protestants. Contextual ethicists emphasize the moral context as most critical element in the determination. In other words it stresses the importance of concrete setting of human behavior. There are many contextual ethics from western context and Indian context. Contextual ethicists look at the circumstances of the moral action. For e. G. , observing Sabbath strictly. Contextual eth ics is very popular among the Christian tradition. Article: â€Å"contextual ethics† found in the Dictionary of the Christian ethics deeds.Manchuria. Among contextual ethics Paul Lehman is one of the contemporary theologian and philosopher. He is one of the most important proponents of contextual ethics. In Paul Lineman's contextual ethics the focus is shifted from larger goals to actual context. When we look at Paul Lineman's ethics in Christian context, he provides an articulation of his change in focus and actually applying the contemporary context. He is actually speaking the anthropometry focus where all norms are challenged. Traditions are losing its ground in the midst of that we see the emergence of different possibilities for human life. 9. 07. 12 Kayoing Ethics At this point he talks about contextual ethics which is known as kayoing ethics and also known as community ethics. In the kayoing ethics, he insists upon the importance of context in which Ethical insights a nd practices are nourished or how moral developments take place. Secondly, Canonic ethics is concerned with relations and functions in the society and Thirdly for Lehman, Okinawa ethics is oaken as a starting point for ethical reflection. In other words contextual critique is contextual ethics of absolution.An action should be speaking to the context According to the Paul Lehman kayoing ethics is introduced by Jesus Christ himself. In the Okinawa ethics, Christian ethics is starting point of all ethics. Contextual ethics is critique of all ethics. Kayoing ethics is concerned with relation and functions in community not only on Christian principles. The ethical question in the kayoing ethics is not what ought I do but â€Å"what am I to do†? Ought to factor to cannot be ethical realty. The primarily ethical realty is the human factor, the human indicative in every situation involving the interrelationship and the decisions of man.The humans are the indicators of what is happen ing. In the kayoing ethics Paul Lehman clearly sees God's activity in the world and he says that God is acting in the world to keep human life and that through the participation in the kayoing. Human life can be called human when they participate in the community. Community with only human life can be called humbugging. His kayoing ethics is a humbugging ethics which enables people to grow in the Christian maturity and be agents of the immunization in the world. Therefore its aim is consistency between these factors within specific context rather than uniformity of acts in all contexts.In summary it is sensitivity to human ethics. Summary So far we have seen three model of ethics; Deontological ethics, Teleological ethics, Contextual ethics. Contextual ethics is divided into three; Contextual Situation Responsibility- Relationally Ethics Paul Lehman Joseph Fletcher Richard Nibbler II. Situation ethics It became popular in 1960 through the effort of Joseph Fletcher. Through his book situation ethics, he developed this approach at the background of Paul Lineman's antenatal ethics with some dissatisfaction. He says Lehman looks at contextual ethics in liberal term and looks at particular situation not general context.According to Joseph Fletcher an action should be fitting to the situation or circumstances. The situations rejects the idea that there are timeless rules which are never to be violated and the idea that there is a group which is objectively given in the nature of things. In other words the situations takes seriously the concrete character of moral life and holds that human conduct is to be evaluated in relation to specific situation rather than universally binding laws. The situations recognizes the love commandment as the only absolute moral principle and examines each situation carefully to determine what love requires then and there. 0. 7. 12 Situation etches of Joseph Fletcher In this approach he is not doing with all the demonology ethics. The p rinciple, Joseph Fletcher talks about is Love, the obedient love. He says that there is only one universal principle that is love which enables us to take right decisions. He says that agape love is the summary commandment, to love God and the neighbor. To him situation ethics is not a system or a program of living according to principle, but it is n effort to relate love to a world of relativities through obedient love. According to him the only one law or principle that is binding is Love.The principle which is always good and right is Love. He says situation ethics is not a system or a program of living according to principle. His effort was to relate love to a world of relativities through obedient love. Ethics of obedience of commandment is love. His six propositions of theory of situation ethics agape love or obedient love 1. Love one thing only is always good: The first preposition â€Å"only one thing is principally good, namely love nothing else at all†. By this stat ement he means that Love is a principle a formal principle expressing what type of real actions.Christians alone is always good and right in every situation. It is the only universal principle, because whatever is loves in any particular situation is good. Joseph Fletcher quotes Richard Nibbler â€Å"God nowhere commands love for its own sake because love is for the sake of people and it is not good in itself†. 2. Love is the only norm or love is the only principle: â€Å"The ruling norm of Christian decisions is â€Å"love† nothing else†. He explains that situation ethics reduces the law from a legal system of rules to the love anon alone. He gives the example of Jesus and Paul replaces the principle of Torah with the living principle of agape 3.Love and Justice are the same for Justice. For justice Love is distributed nothing else. In other words Fletcher says that Love does not only care but is careful. He also says that it is diligent in serving the neighbor . He also says that prudence and love are not Just partners but they are one and same. Love is to seek neighbor's welfare and Justice is being fair as between neighbors. From here we understand that Justice is Christian love using reasons by calculating TTS duties, obligations, opportunities, resources and Justice is also love coping with situations. 4.Love is not liking. â€Å"Love wills the neighbor's good whether we like him or not†. According to Fletcher Love is discerning and critical but not sentimental. In other words in the situation ethics the neighbor is anybody. It is an ethics in which justice is impartial an inclusive. Justice and love is one and the same thing. Justice is as personal as love and love is as social as Justice. Therefore agape seeks the good of anybody and everybody because it seeks the will of neighbor's good whether we like IM or not. 5 Love Justifies means: Only the end Justifies the means nothing else.According to Joseph Fletcher unless some pu rpose or end in view to Justify any action, we take it is literally meaningless. Every action without exception is haphazard (Incomplete), if it is without an end to serve and ends in turn needs means. 11. 7. 12 6 Love decides then and there: This proposition, love decisions are made situational not prescriptively. According to Fletcher for real decision making freedom is required which is an open ended approach to situation. Close ended approach did not have NY option. Therefore situation ethicists always suspect prescriptive laws.They say that according to the love, decisions are made situational not prescriptively. In other words the decision making is always depends on the case is question. Situation ethics are critical about principles of deontological ethics especially about their laws. Ill. Relationally – Responsibility Ethics 13. 07. 12 Responsibility means what we ought to do. When given a responsibility we are accountable. How responsibility relationally model of et hics came in to being or how it came as a median? It involves two notions. They are; 1 .Accountability, Obligation and 2. How we are accountable to God. Hunter P Mamba coined it what Richard Nibbler have already said. According to Mamba, here comes a median that will bridge two extremes. One extreme talk about duties that talk about deontological model of ethics and other extreme is the end. Accountability looks back to some deed done and obligation looks forward to moral demands that need to be met in relationships. Responsibility therefore has to do with relationships, deeds and accountability is being answerable for ones' action or

Understanding The Covenants And The Roles Of Profit,...

Understanding the Covenants and the Roles of Profit, Priest, and King in Organizational Management There are 6 major covenants in the Bible, Adam and Eve, pre-flood Noah, post-flood Noah, Abrahamic, Moses, and Jesus, with multiple themes of salvation, Messiah, and grace. Each are promises between God and His people and have four common elements; a benefactor; God, a beneficiary; man, terms and conditions, and a token or symbol. Significance and Meaning of a Covenant To provide a better appreciation of the Bible, a definition of covenant is necessary. A covenant is a serious life or death affair. It is a relationship; a sacred agreement between God and all humanity. It is how God chooses to communicate to us, to redeem us, and to†¦show more content†¦In Old Testament times God initiated and offered an agreement or covenant between Him and one nation, Israel. Entrance into this covenant was by physical, natural birth (Gen. 17:9-10). These biblical covenants were in effect during the time before Jesus’ death, burial, and resurrection. They were written on tablets of stone or scrolls (eg. Ten Commandments) which documented and instructed God’s people on how to live their lives. It established what sin was and the relationship between God and man was clearly defined. God also promised a Messiah would come to His people; His son, our Savior; a liberator. God abundantly showed mercy, patience, and forgiveness with His chosen p eople, the Israelites, under this covenant; but when His were laws were broken repeatedly and without regard God declared that surely the eyes of the Sovereign Lord are on the sinful kingdom and it will be destroyed from the face of the earth† (Amos 9:8). God made clear He would take away good things He provided, pass judgement, and the sinful nation would be destroyed. God’s judgement was fierce and final for those nations that turned away, rebelled, or were wicked and evil (Deuteronomy 29:24-26). A simplistic explanation of the Old Covenant is that it was a perfect, law keeping performance based contract with God. If the laws and commandments were obeyed, He provided financial blessings, many children, health, and long life. When man sinned or broke God’s laws, which He